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Cours gratuits > Forum > Forum anglais: Questions sur l'anglais || En basMessage de electrode posté le 05-04-2015 à 15:48:15 (S | E | F)
J'aimerais savoir si
Merci pour votre aide.
Partie 1: The origins of cinema
Who are the founders and how cinema has become so popular?
The cinema was born at the end of the nineteenth century (of the 19th century). The Lumière brothers developed and built a machine for recording and projecting moving images, they called it the Cinematograph. On March twenty two, eighteenth ninety fifteen, when Louis Lumière presented his invention to the scholars of the 'Trust he calls "Projection Kinetoscope". The image projection apparatus invented by Thomas Edison and his main collaborators William Kennedy Laurie Dickson are cited as references to Cinematograph Lumière brothers, it a competitor.
The cinema was to emerge in the current language a few years later. But in other countries, it is the moving pictures, the movies, and also the Kino. December twenty eight, eighteenth ninety fifteen, is considered the date of birth of cinema. Projections that the Lumière brothers in Paris organized for the general public, in the Salon Indien large coffee fourteen Boulevard Capucines, the Lumière brothers chose a system allowing to share the experience with a whole assembly.
Make two inventors of cinema is abusive fathers. Make the initiators of the first moving pictures on the big screen is not less, since it is their compatriot Émile Reynaud, who first on october eighteenth ninety twelve, organized the projections of the first cartoons. The Lumière brothers themselves didn't ask for that much and corrected the statement which made them the only inventors of cinema.
Partie 2: The floods in France
In which regions and circumstances are usually held floods?
In France the floods are frequent due to heavy flood waters, they always cause more or less damage.
The main reason that these floods cause damage, is the disposition of homes, it is very common that building permits be issued for commercial reasons without taking into account the risks to their fair values.
-These houses are selling it because their market price is very low, to a point where interested individuals are not concerned about the risks responsible for the very low price.
Risk management
:Flooding is a foreseeable risk in its intensity, but it is difficult to know when it will manifest. Risk prevention and protection of the population requires, the collective measures taken and individual measures.
Prevention
The control of urbanization is expressed through natural risk prevention plans developed and prescribed by the state. The objective of this procedure is controlling the development in flood zones to the level of the highest known flood history, or at least the hundred-year flood, and preservation of flood expansion fields. In these areas, PPR may prescribe or recommend structural arrangements, as safety rules for land use, storing floating.
The PPR prohibits construction in the areas most exposed or have an interest in flood lamination. It regulates the construction in moderately floodplains
Partie 3: The avalanches
How to avoid accidents, and what causes avalanches?
They are usually triggered by an imbalance causing slippage, or thermal break, mechanical. (such as climate effects, the weight and the overload).
One of the best ways to avoid these risks is prevention by:
-The control of urbanization: mapping of avalanche risk has evolved over time, to make way for the natural risk prevention plan. It helps if necessary, to regulate the planning and construction in areas at risk of avalanche.
-The forecast: Areas where avalanches are typically produce is experienced, but the location of their directions and their scope is more difficult. Avalanche forecasting remains an inexact science. Almost nonexistent there thirty years, she develops today through nivology (the science of snow) and alpine meteorology. Météo-France regularly publishes a newsletter estimation of the risk of avalanche that gives a massive scale, information on the state of the snowpack function of altitude, exposure, the relief. There is also a risk estimate, based on a graduated European scale of 1 (low) to 5 (very high risk).
-The information of the citizen: the right to general information on major risks applies. For the avalanche risk, many information about the hazard and the procedures to adopt in case of event are available to the citizen. Specific information campaigns to ski off-piste practitioners are realized, including through associations like Anena: National Association for the Study of Snow and Avalanche.
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Modifié par lucile83 le 05-04-2015 16:05
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