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You should have told me
Message de taconnet posté le 14-12-2008 à 19:06:15 (S | E | F)
Bonjour.
Les auxiliaires de modalité suivis d'un infinitif passé permettent d'exprimer une probabité sur un fait passé.
la structure générale est :
Sujet + modal (+not) + have + participe passé.
1- Can exprime la vraisemblance(souvent à la forme négative)
She can't have dated a boy like him.
Il est impossible qu'elle soit sortie avec un garçon comme lui.
2- Could exprime une capacité :
Who could have guessed ?
Qui aurait pu deviner ?
3- May exprime une incertitude sur un fait passé qui l'on considère possible
My friends may not have arrived yet.
Il se peut que mes amis ne soient pas encore arrivés.
4- Might implique qu'un risque a été couru mais le sort a voulu qu'il ne se concrétise pas.
Your friends drove very quickly; they might have had an accident.
Tes amis ont conduit très vite; ils auraient pu avoir un accident.
Remarque :
Could s'emploie parfois à la place de might dans une langue moins soignée.
5- Must exprime que l'action a eu lieu avec une quasi-certitude.
Remarque importante
En français, une phrase comme : « Elles ont dû aller à Paris hier.» est ambiguë.
Pour traduire cette phrase en anglais il faut se poser les questions suivantes:
Est-ce une obligation ? Est-ce une forte probabilité concernant un fait passé ?
1- obligation:
« They had to go to Paris yesterday.»
2- Quasi- certitude:
« They must have gone to Paris yesterday.»
6- Should exprime un reproche ou un regret.
You should have told me.
Tu aurais dû me le dire.
7- ought to c'est le seul auxiliaire de modalité suivi d'un INFINITIF.
Exprime l'idée d'un devoir inaccompli.
It ought to have been done long ago.
Cela aurait dû être fait il y a longtemps.
Niveau :
Correction: samedi 20 décembre 2008
Traduire les phrases suivantes :
1- Ma voiture est tombée en panne. Il a fallu que je demande à un passant de m'aider à la pousser.
2- Marie a dû égarer son parapluie dans le train. Elle avait trop de bagages.
3- J'ai dû quitter le bureau plus tôt que d'habitude pour des raisons personnelles.
4- Il aurait fallu aller chercher un médecin plus tôt.
5- Il se peut que nos amis soient venus quand nous étions sortis.
6- Vous avez échoué à votre examen, c'est regrettable. Vous auriez dû travailler davantage.
7- Fort comme vous êtes vous auriez pu l'aider à porter son sac.
8- Elle m'a raconté une drôle d'histoire. Peut-être l'a-t-elle entièrement inventée.
9- Il n'aurait pas dû vous faire payer un supplément pour les bagages.
10- Tu aurais dû lui demander. Je sais que tu n'as pas osé, mais tu aurais vraiment dû.
Message de taconnet posté le 14-12-2008 à 19:06:15 (S | E | F)
Bonjour.
Les auxiliaires de modalité suivis d'un infinitif passé permettent d'exprimer une probabité sur un fait passé.
la structure générale est :
Sujet + modal (+not) + have + participe passé.
1- Can exprime la vraisemblance(souvent à la forme négative)
She can't have dated a boy like him.
Il est impossible qu'elle soit sortie avec un garçon comme lui.
2- Could exprime une capacité :
Who could have guessed ?
Qui aurait pu deviner ?
3- May exprime une incertitude sur un fait passé qui l'on considère possible
My friends may not have arrived yet.
Il se peut que mes amis ne soient pas encore arrivés.
4- Might implique qu'un risque a été couru mais le sort a voulu qu'il ne se concrétise pas.
Your friends drove very quickly; they might have had an accident.
Tes amis ont conduit très vite; ils auraient pu avoir un accident.
Remarque :
Could s'emploie parfois à la place de might dans une langue moins soignée.
5- Must exprime que l'action a eu lieu avec une quasi-certitude.
Remarque importante
En français, une phrase comme : « Elles ont dû aller à Paris hier.» est ambiguë.
Pour traduire cette phrase en anglais il faut se poser les questions suivantes:
Est-ce une obligation ? Est-ce une forte probabilité concernant un fait passé ?
1- obligation:
« They had to go to Paris yesterday.»
2- Quasi- certitude:
« They must have gone to Paris yesterday.»
6- Should exprime un reproche ou un regret.
You should have told me.
Tu aurais dû me le dire.
7- ought to c'est le seul auxiliaire de modalité suivi d'un INFINITIF.
Exprime l'idée d'un devoir inaccompli.
It ought to have been done long ago.
Cela aurait dû être fait il y a longtemps.
Niveau :
Correction: samedi 20 décembre 2008
Traduire les phrases suivantes :
1- Ma voiture est tombée en panne. Il a fallu que je demande à un passant de m'aider à la pousser.
2- Marie a dû égarer son parapluie dans le train. Elle avait trop de bagages.
3- J'ai dû quitter le bureau plus tôt que d'habitude pour des raisons personnelles.
4- Il aurait fallu aller chercher un médecin plus tôt.
5- Il se peut que nos amis soient venus quand nous étions sortis.
6- Vous avez échoué à votre examen, c'est regrettable. Vous auriez dû travailler davantage.
7- Fort comme vous êtes vous auriez pu l'aider à porter son sac.
8- Elle m'a raconté une drôle d'histoire. Peut-être l'a-t-elle entièrement inventée.
9- Il n'aurait pas dû vous faire payer un supplément pour les bagages.
10- Tu aurais dû lui demander. Je sais que tu n'as pas osé, mais tu aurais vraiment dû.
Réponse: You should have told me de lakata, postée le 14-12-2008 à 22:27:44 (S | E)
Bonsoir Taconnet.
1) My car broke down, so I had to ask a passer-by to help me to push it forward.
2) Marie "had to leave" / "must have lost" her umbrella on the train. She had too much luggage.
3) I had to leave my office earlier than usual for personal reasons.
4) Someone should have been sent earlier for the doctor.
5) Our friends may have come while we were out.
6) You failed your exam, which is "a real shame" / "to be regretted". But you should have worked more.
7) Strong as you are, you could / should have helped her with her bag.
8) She told me a weird story. Actually, she may have made it up entirely.
9) He shouldn't have made you pay extra for the luggage.
10) You ought to have asked her. I know you "dared not"/"didn't dare (to)" do it, but you should definitely have.
Thank you Taconnet for your always interesting and formative exercises.
Réponse: You should have told me de dolfin56, postée le 16-12-2008 à 15:19:06 (S | E)
Hello taconnet, thanks to you .
1- My car broke down, I had to ask a passer-by to help me push it away.
2- Mary may have mislaid her umbrella on the train,she had too much luggage.
3- I had to leave the office earlier than usual, because of private reasons.
4- A doctor should have been called earlier.
5- Our friends may have come while we were out.
6- You failed your exam, it's unfortunable; you ought to have worked more.
7- Hardy as you seem to be, you should have helped her carrying her bag.
8- She told me a strange story. Perhaps she may have entirely dreamt it.
9- He should not have asked for an extra charge for the luggage.
10- You ought to have asked him; I know you didn't dare, but you should have done it.
Réponse: You should have told me de nick27, postée le 16-12-2008 à 15:47:13 (S | E)
1. My car broke down. I had to ask a passer-by to help me push it.
2. Marie must have lost her umbrella on the train. She had too much baggage.
3. I had to leave the office earlier than usual for personal reasons.
4. You should have gone to get a doctor quicklier.
5. It may be that our friends came when we had already left.
6. You didn't pass the exam. That's regrettable. You should have studied more.
7. Being so strong, you could have helped her carry her bag.
8. She told me a strange story. Maybe she made it up entirely.
9. He shouldn't have made you pay for an extra charge for the baggage.
10. You should have asked him. I know you were afraid to do so but you definitely should have done it.
Merci pour l'exercice!
Réponse: You should have told me de maya92, postée le 16-12-2008 à 16:24:40 (S | E)
Hi Taconnet,
1 - My car broke down. I had to ask a passer-by to help me push it
2 - Marie must have lost her umbrella in the train. She had too much luggage
3 - I had to leave my office earlier than usual for personal reasons
5 - Our friends may have come while we were out
6 - You have failed your exam, that's a pity, you should have worked harder
7 - Strong as you are, you should have helped her with her bag
8 - She told me a strange story. She may have made it up
9 - He shouldn't have made you pay for excess luggage
10 - You should have asked him. I know you dared not but you really should have
Thank you
Réponse: You should have told me de pepe69, postée le 17-12-2008 à 17:29:58 (S | E)
Bonjour,
Here is my try:
1. My car has broken down. I had to ask a passer-by to help me push it.
2. Mary must have mislayed her ombrella in the train. She had too much luggage.
3. I had to leave the office sooner than usual, for personnal reasons.
4. We should have quicklier gone for a doctor.
5. It may be that our friends came while we were go out.
6. You are fallen your exam, that's regrettable. You should have worked more.
7. Strong as you are, you could have helped her(him) to carry her(his)bag.
8. She told me a strange story. Perhaps she has entirely thought it up.
9. He shouldn't have made you pay an extra for the luggage.
10. You should have asked her(him). I know you didn't dare, but you should really have.
and see you soon.Réponse: You should have told me de ariane6, postée le 18-12-2008 à 17:31:35 (S | E)
Bonjour taconnet,
1- My car broke down. I had to ask a passer-by to help me push it.
2- Marie may have lost her umbrella in the train. She had too much luggage.
3- I have had to leave the office sooner than usual for personal reasons.
4- A doctor should have been called earlier.
5- Our friends might have come when we were out.
6- Unfortunately, you have failed your exam. You ought to have worked harder.
7- Being so strong, you could have helped him/her to carry his/her bag.
8- She told me a funny story. She may have made it all up.
9- He ought not to have made you pay extra for the luggage.
10- You should have asked him. I know you didn't dare, but you really should have done.
Réponse: You should have told me de taconnet, postée le 20-12-2008 à 10:17:54 (S | E)
Bonjour.
Voici quelques remarques préliminaires.
1- Help.
To help se construit souvent suivi d'un infinitif sans TO (américanisme de plus en plus fréquent en Angleterre)
I helped him (to)finish the job.
Notez l'expression :
« To help sb with sth »
Let me help you with that suitcase.
Laissez-moi vous aider à porter cette valise.
She helps her son with his homework.
Elle aide son fils à faire ses devoirs.
2 - Égarer.
Ne pas confondre to mislead et to mislay.
Mislead (misled ; misled)──► deceive.(tromper, induire en erreur)
« He deliberately misled us about the nature of their relationship.»
Mislay(mislaid; mislaid) ──► lose.(perdre)
« I seem to have mislaid my keys. »
3- Il aurait fallu = on aurait dû
la phrase N°4 traduit un sentiment de reproche affirmé.
On n'a pas fait, à temps, ce qui aurait dû être fait. Maintenant que l'irrémédiable s'est produit, il est trop tard pour s'en plaindre.
(emploi de ought to)
Cette remarque vaut aussi pour la dernière partie de la phrase N°10
Cette phrase sera traduite par un passif (On .....)
4- aller chercher ; faire venir ──► to send for.
One of our players was hurt, and we had to send for a doctor.
Un de nos joueurs fut blessé, et nous dûmes faire venir le médecin.
5- Inventer (une histoire) ──► to make up.
I am sure that he has made the whole story up, just to mislead me.
6- Payer un supplément ──► to pay extra;
extra (adv) ──► in addition ; more than is usual; To charge/pay/cost extra.
The rate for a room is £30, but breakfast is extra.
Voici ma proposition
1- My car broke down. I had to ask a passer-by to help me (to) push it.
2- Marie must have mislaid/lost/left her umbrella in/on the train. She had too much luggage.
3- I had to leave my office sooner than usual for personal reasons.
4- A doctor ought to have been sent for sooner.
5- Our friends may have called while we were out.
6- You failed your exam, it's highly regrettable/unfortunate , you ought to/should have worked more.
7- Strong as you are, you could have helped her/him with her/his bag.
7'- Strong as you are, you could have helped her/him (to) carry her/his bag.
8- She told me a strange story. She may have made it all up.
9- He should not have charged you extra for the luggage.
10- You should have asked her. I know you didn't dare, but you really ought to have.
Je vous remercie de votre participation.
Je vous souhaite de merveilleuses fêtes de fin d'année.
